Study: Rheumatoid Arthritis Drug Minocycline Causes Gum Discoloration

The antibiotic minocycline which is commonly prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis and acne may cause discoloration of the gums, according to a case study reported in the June issue of the Journal of Periodontology.

Mayo Clinic researchers evaluated a 29-year old female with blue gum tissue and bone surrounding her teeth. She had been taking 50 mg of minocycline four times a day for the past 17 months.

According to the study, up to six percent of long-term users of minocycline will develop dental staining. This discoloration does not harm the teeth, bone or gum tissue, but is the reason behind the blackish-blue appearance of the gums. The periodontal bone can also become discolored from minocycline and show through the gum tissue, causing it to appear discolored as well.

The researchers said patients who take this drug or healthcare professionals who prescribe it should be made aware of the possibility of oral discoloration.

Dr. Gordon Douglass, president of the American Academy of Periodontology, said the study is a reminder for patients to inform their dental professionals of all medications they are taking.

Other sources: American Academy of Periodontology